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Urban agriculture as nature-based solutions: Three key strategies to tackle emerging issues on food security

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 736-741 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0262-4

摘要： Urban agriculture as nature-based solutions: Three key strategies to tackle emerging issues on food security in Chinese cities under climatic and non-climatic challenges

关键词： key strategies tackle     Urban agriculture nature     challenges    

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Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第8期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1532-9

摘要： China has been committed to achieving carbon neutrality by 2060. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality will play an essential role in galvanising global climate action, which has been largely deferred by the Covid-19 pandemic. China’s carbon neutrality could reduce global warming by approximately 0.2–0.3 °C and save around 1.8 million people from premature death due to air pollution. Along with domestic benefits, China’s pledge of carbon neutrality is a “game-changer” for global climate action and can inspire other large carbon emitters to contribute actively to mitigate carbon emissions, particularly countries along the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) routes. In order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2060, it is necessary to decarbonise all sectors in China, including energy, industry, transportation, construction, and agriculture. However, this transition will be very challenging, because major technological breakthroughs and large-scale investments are required. Strong policies and implementation plans are essential, including sustainable demand, decarbonizing electricity, electrification, fuel switching, and negative emissions. In particular, if China can peak carbon emissions earlier, it can lower the costs of the carbon neutral transition and make it easier to do so over a longer time horizon. China’s pledge of carbon neutrality by 2060 and recent pledges at the 26th UN Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) are significant contributions and critical steps for global climate action. However, countries worldwide need to achieve carbon neutrality to keep the global temperature from growing beyond the level that will cause catastrophic damages globally.

关键词： Carbon neutrality     Carbon peak     Renewable energy     Negative emission     Carbon capture     Utilisation and storage     Nature-based solution    

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MECHANISMS IN DIVERSIFYING AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY: EXPERIENCE FROM STUDIES DEPLOYING NATURE-BASED

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第2期   页码 214-237 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2021437

摘要：

To achieve the triple challenge of food security, reversing biodiversity declines plus mitigating and adapting to climate change, there is a drive to embed ecological principles into agricultural, value-chain practices and decision-making. By diversifying cropping systems at several scales there is potential to decrease reliance on inputs, provide resilience to abiotic and biotic stress, enhance plant, microbe and animal biodiversity, and mitigate against climate change. In this review we highlight the research performed in Scotland over the past 5 years into the impact of the use of ecological principles in agriculture on sustainability, resilience and provision of ecosystem functions. We demonstrate that diversification of the system can enhance ecosystem functions. Soil and plant management interventions, including nature-based solutions, can also enhance soil quality and utilization of legacy nutrients. Additionally, this is facilitated by greater reliance on soil biological processes and trophic interactions. We highlight the example of intercropping with legumes to deliver sustainability through ecological principles and use legumes as an exemplar of the innovation. We conclude that there are many effective interventions that can be made to deliver resilient, sustainable, and diverse agroecosystems for crop and food production, and these may be applicable in any agroecosystem.

 

关键词： diversification / ecological principles / legumes / plant management / soil management / soil ecosystem services    

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Planetary Homeostasis of Reactive Nitrogen Through Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

Guibing Zhu,Bangrui Lan,Shuci Liu,Cameron M. Callbeck,Shanyun Wang,Liping Jiang,Asheesh Kumar Yadav,Jan Vymazal,Mike S. M. Jetten,Ganlin Zhang,Yongguan Zhu,

《工程（英文）》 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2023.09.013

摘要： The availability of nitrogen (N) is crucial for both the productivity of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems globally. However, the overuse of artificial fertilizers and the energy required to fix nitrogen have pushed the global nitrogen cycle (N-cycle) past its safe operating limits, leading to severe nitrogen pollution and the production of significant amounts of greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N2O). The anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) mechanism can counteract the release of ammonium and N2O in many oxygen-limited situations, assisting in the restoration of the homeostasis of the Earth’s N biogeochemistry. In this work, we looked into the characteristics of the anammox hotspots’ distribution across various types of ecosystems worldwide. Anammox hotspots are present at diverse oxic–anoxic interfaces in terrestrial systems, and they are most prevalent at the oxic–anoxic transition zone in aquatic ecosystems. Based on the discovery of an anammox hotspot capable of oxidizing ammonium anoxically into N2 without N2O by-product, we then designed an innovative concept and technical routes of nature-based anammox hotspot geoengineering for climate change, biodiversity loss, and efficient utilization of water resources. After 15 years of actual use, anammox hotspot geoengineering has proven to be effective in ensuring clean drinking water, regulating the climate, fostering plant and animal diversity, and enhancing long-term environmental quality. The sustainable biogeoengineering of anammox could be a workable natural remedy to resolve the conflicts between environmental pollution and food security connected to N management.

关键词： biogeochemical N-cycle     oxic–anoxic interface     nature-based solution     biogeoengineering     nitrogen sustainable development    

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基于自然的生态工程范式——共生、耦合与协同

王夏晖, 王金南, 王波, Benjamin Burkhard, 车璐璐, 戴超, 郑利杰

《工程（英文）》 2022年 第19卷 第12期   页码 14-21 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2022.07.004

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The nature of cancer

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 796-803 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0975-5

摘要： The nature of cancer
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基于评价方法属性层次的组合评价研究

陈衍泰,陈国宏,李美娟

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第8期   页码 56-59

摘要：

针对现存的多种单一综合评价方法机理、属性层次相异引起的对同一个对象评价结论不相容的问题，提出一种新的组合评价方法。定义了“具有相容性”与“特殊属性”的两类综合评价方法；建立了两个组合评价模型，分别将这两个属性层次方法所得的不一致的评价值与排序结论进行组合；在此基础上提出“复组合”的概念。并应用此模型对我国欠发达地区15个城市的综合实力进行评价，使得系统评价更具有科学性和实用性，为欠发达地区开发战略制订宏观经济政策提供实证基础。

关键词： 评价方法的属性层次     组合模型     复组合    

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Occurrence and distribution of micro- and mesoplastics in the high-latitude nature reserve, northern

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1534-7

摘要：

• The first study on micro(meso)plastics (MMPs) in the Liaohe River Reserve is reported.

关键词： Microplastics     Mesoplastics     Water     Sediment     Characteristic     Risk Assessment    

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A review of optimization modeling and solution methods in renewable energy systems

《工程管理前沿（英文）》   页码 640-671 doi: 10.1007/s42524-023-0271-3

摘要： The advancement of renewable energy (RE) represents a pivotal strategy in mitigating climate change and advancing energy transition efforts. A current of research pertains to strategies for fostering RE growth. Among the frequently proposed approaches, employing optimization models to facilitate decision-making stands out prominently. Drawing from an extensive dataset comprising 32806 literature entries encompassing the optimization of renewable energy systems (RES) from 1990 to 2023 within the Web of Science database, this study reviews the decision-making optimization problems, models, and solution methods thereof throughout the renewable energy development and utilization chain (REDUC) process. This review also endeavors to structure and assess the contextual landscape of RES optimization modeling research. As evidenced by the literature review, optimization modeling effectively resolves decision-making predicaments spanning RE investment, construction, operation and maintenance, and scheduling. Predominantly, a hybrid model that combines prediction, optimization, simulation, and assessment methodologies emerges as the favored approach for optimizing RES-related decisions. The primary framework prevalent in extant research solutions entails the dissection and linearization of established models, in combination with hybrid analytical strategies and artificial intelligence algorithms. Noteworthy advancements within modeling encompass domains such as uncertainty, multienergy carrier considerations, and the refinement of spatiotemporal resolution. In the realm of algorithmic solutions for RES optimization models, a pronounced focus is anticipated on the convergence of analytical techniques with artificial intelligence-driven optimization. Furthermore, this study serves to facilitate a comprehensive understanding of research trajectories and existing gaps, expediting the identification of pertinent optimization models conducive to enhancing the efficiency of REDUC development endeavors.

关键词： renewable energy system     bibliometrics     mathematical programming     optimization models     solution methods    

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Assessment of novel nature-inspired fuzzy models for predicting long contraction scouring and related

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第3期   页码 665-681 doi: 10.1007/s11709-021-0713-0

摘要： The scouring phenomenon is one of the major problems experienced in hydraulic engineering. In this study, an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system is hybridized with several evolutionary approaches, including the ant colony optimization, genetic algorithm, teaching-learning-based optimization, biogeographical-based optimization, and invasive weed optimization for estimating the long contraction scour depth. The proposed hybrid models are built using non-dimensional information collected from previous studies. The proposed hybrid intelligent models are evaluated using several statistical performance metrics and graphical presentations. Besides, the uncertainty of models, variables, and data are inspected. Based on the achieved modeling results, adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system–biogeographic based optimization (ANFIS-BBO) provides superior prediction accuracy compared to others, with a maximum correlation coefficient (Rtest = 0.923) and minimum root mean square error value (RMSEtest = 0.0193). Thus, the proposed ANFIS-BBO is a capable cost-effective method for predicting long contraction scouring, thus, contributing to the base knowledge of hydraulic structure sustainability.

关键词： long contraction scour     prediction     uncertainty     ANFIS model     meta-heuristic algorithm    

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工程系统开发复杂性的讨论

赵少奎

《中国工程科学》 2005年 第7卷 第2期   页码 1-8

摘要：

在讨论了现代复杂武器装备系统的发展研究、开发性科研工程和特殊复杂环境工程开发过程复杂性的基础上，进一步提出了研究、处理复杂性问题系统论方法的总体思路。

关键词： 工程系统     复杂性     还原论     系统论    

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Incorporation of 3-dimensional lycopodium with hydrophobic nature and interconnected nano-channels into

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第9期   页码 1162-1182 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2276-6

摘要： In the present research, for the first time, lycopodium as a novel nanofiller was incorporated into a polyvinylidene fluoride matrix to fabricate lycopodium/polyvinylidene fluoride flat-sheet membrane for desalination applications by vacuum membrane distillation process. The prepared lycopodium/polyvinylidene fluoride membranes and lycopodium were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared, energy dispersive X-ray, and mapping analyses. Water contact angle and liquid entry pressure measurements were also performed. Response surface methodology was applied to optimize membrane structure and performance. The optimized lycopodium/polyvinylidene fluoride membrane exhibits superior performance compared to the neat polyvinylidene fluoride membrane in terms of flux, salt rejection, water contact angle, and hydrophobicity. In vacuum membrane distillation experiments, using a 15000 ppm NaCl solution as a feed at 70 °C, the neat polyvinylidene fluoride membrane, optimum membrane, and agglomerated membrane (with high lycopodium loading) demonstrated 3.80, 25.20, and 14.83 LMH flux and 63.30%, 99.99%, 99.96% salt rejection, respectively. This improvement in flux and salt rejection of the optimized membrane was related to the presence of lycopodium with hydrophobic nature and interconnected nano-channels in membrane structure. It was found that lycopodium, as the most hydrophobic material, effectively influences the membrane performance and structure for membrane distillation applications.

关键词： lycopodium     hydrophobicity     vacuum membrane distillation     desalination    

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Numerical solution, simulation and testing of the thermal dynamic characteristics of ball-screws

XIA Junyong, HU Youmin, WU Bo, SHI Tielin

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第3卷 第1期   页码 28-36 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0007-4

摘要： This research focuses on the characteristics of how a ball-screw changes its temperature corresponding to the periodic change of the end-most heat source. Based on the theory of heat transfer, this paper supplies a numerical solution to the non-homogeneous equation of heat transfer through the group explicit (GE) finite difference approach. The temperature distribution for the ball-screw at different times and directions is shown. By simulating and modeling the temperature field and thermal deformation of the ball-screw under periodically varying heat sources, this paper describes the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw under such conditions. By testing the thermal dynamic characteristics of the ball-screw, the numerical solution is validated.

关键词： numerical solution     temperature corresponding     temperature distribution     end-most     ball-screw    

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noble metal nanoparticles toward hydrodechlorination: influence of catalyst electronic structure and nature

Man ZHANG,Feng HE,Dongye ZHAO

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第5期   页码 888-896 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0774-1

摘要： In this study, stabilized Pd, Pt and Au nanoparticles were successfully prepared in aqueous phase using sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) as a capping agent. These metal nanoparticles were then tested for catalytic hydrodechlorination toward two classes of organochlorinated compounds (vinyl polychlorides including trichloroethylene (TCE), tetrachloroethylene (PCE), and alkyl polychlorides including 1,1,1-trichloroethane (1,1,1-TCA), and 1,1,1,2-tetrachloroethane (1,1,1,2-TeCA)) to determine the rate-limiting steps and to explore the reaction mechanisms. The surface area normalized reaction rate constant, , showed a systematic dependence on the electronic structure (the density of states at the Fermi level) of the metals, suggesting that adsorption of organochlorinated reactants on the metal catalyst surfaces is the rate-limiting step for catalytic hydrodechlorination. Hydrodechlorination rates of 1,1,1-TCA and 1,1,1,2-TeCA agreed with the bond strength of the first (weakest) dissociated C-Cl bond, suggesting that C-Cl bond cleavage, which is the first step for dissociative adsorption of the alkyl polychlorides, controlled the catalytic hydrodechlorination rate. However, hydrodechlorination rates of TCE and PCE correlated with the adsorption energies of their molecular (non-dissociative) adsorption on the noble metals rather than with the first C-Cl bond strength, suggesting that molecular adsorption governs the reaction rate for hydrodechlorination of the vinyl polychlorides.

关键词： catalytic hydrodechlorination     electronic structure     metal nanoparticles     reaction mechanisms    

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foamed concrete compressive strength prediction using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system optimized by nature-inspired

Ahmad SHARAFATI, H. NADERPOUR, Sinan Q. SALIH, E. ONYARI, Zaher Mundher YASEEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 61-79 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0684-6

摘要： Concrete compressive strength prediction is an essential process for material design and sustainability. This study investigates several novel hybrid adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) evolutionary models, i.e., ANFIS–particle swarm optimization (PSO), ANFIS–ant colony, ANFIS–differential evolution (DE), and ANFIS–genetic algorithm to predict the foamed concrete compressive strength. Several concrete properties, including cement content (C), oven dry density (O), water-to-binder ratio (W), and foamed volume (F) are used as input variables. A relevant data set is obtained from open-access published experimental investigations and used to build predictive models. The performance of the proposed predictive models is evaluated based on the mean performance (MP), which is the mean value of several statistical error indices. To optimize each predictive model and its input variables, univariate (C, O, W, and F), bivariate (C–O, C–W, C–F, O–W, O–F, and W–F), trivariate (C–O–W, C–W–F, O–W–F), and four-variate (C–O–W–F) combinations of input variables are constructed for each model. The results indicate that the best predictions obtained using the univariate, bivariate, trivariate, and four-variate models are ANFIS–DE– (O) (MP= 0.96), ANFIS–PSO– (C-O) (MP= 0.88), ANFIS–DE– (O–W–F) (MP= 0.94), and ANFIS–PSO– (C–O–W–F) (MP= 0.89), respectively. ANFIS–PSO– (C–O) yielded the best accurate prediction of compressive strength with an MP value of 0.96.

关键词： foamed concrete     adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system     nature-inspired algorithms     prediction of compressive strength    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Urban agriculture as nature-based solutions: Three key strategies to tackle emerging issues on food security

期刊论文

Achievements, challenges and global implications of China’s carbon neutral pledge

期刊论文

MECHANISMS IN DIVERSIFYING AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS FOR SUSTAINABILITY: EXPERIENCE FROM STUDIES DEPLOYING NATURE-BASED

期刊论文

Planetary Homeostasis of Reactive Nitrogen Through Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation

Guibing Zhu,Bangrui Lan,Shuci Liu,Cameron M. Callbeck,Shanyun Wang,Liping Jiang,Asheesh Kumar Yadav,Jan Vymazal,Mike S. M. Jetten,Ganlin Zhang,Yongguan Zhu,

期刊论文

基于自然的生态工程范式——共生、耦合与协同

王夏晖, 王金南, 王波, Benjamin Burkhard, 车璐璐, 戴超, 郑利杰

期刊论文

The nature of cancer

期刊论文

基于评价方法属性层次的组合评价研究

陈衍泰,陈国宏,李美娟

期刊论文

Occurrence and distribution of micro- and mesoplastics in the high-latitude nature reserve, northern

期刊论文

A review of optimization modeling and solution methods in renewable energy systems

期刊论文

Assessment of novel nature-inspired fuzzy models for predicting long contraction scouring and related

期刊论文

工程系统开发复杂性的讨论

赵少奎

期刊论文

Incorporation of 3-dimensional lycopodium with hydrophobic nature and interconnected nano-channels into

期刊论文

Numerical solution, simulation and testing of the thermal dynamic characteristics of ball-screws

XIA Junyong, HU Youmin, WU Bo, SHI Tielin

期刊论文

noble metal nanoparticles toward hydrodechlorination: influence of catalyst electronic structure and nature

Man ZHANG,Feng HE,Dongye ZHAO

期刊论文

foamed concrete compressive strength prediction using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system optimized by nature-inspired

Ahmad SHARAFATI, H. NADERPOUR, Sinan Q. SALIH, E. ONYARI, Zaher Mundher YASEEN

期刊论文